GED Science Practice

Which pigment is responsible for the green color in photosynthetic organisms?

1. Chlorophyll

2. Carotene

3. Anthocyanin

4. Xanthophyll

The correct answer is: Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is the pigment primarily responsible for the green color in photosynthetic organisms, such as plants, algae, and some bacteria. It plays a crucial role in the process of photosynthesis, allowing these organisms to absorb sunlight and convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Chlorophyll absorbs light most efficiently in the blue and red wavelengths, while reflecting green light, which is why its presence gives plants their characteristic green color. Without chlorophyll, these organisms would be unable to carry out photosynthesis effectively, significantly impacting their survival and growth. Other pigments like carotene, anthocyanin, and xanthophyll do contribute to the coloration of plants but serve different roles. For example, carotene provides yellow and orange hues and aids in light absorption, especially in low-light conditions, while anthocyanins can contribute reds and purples, often attracting pollinators. Xanthophyll is another type of pigment that can reflect yellow light and also assists in photosynthesis by protecting plants from excess light. However, none of these pigments are responsible for giving photosynthetic organisms their green color, which is dominantly due to chlorophyll.